Machine for treating fibrous material



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No. 499,409. Patented June 13,1893.

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B, ADRIANCE & G. E. ARMSTRONG. MACHINE FOR TREATING FIBROUS MATERIAL.

No. 499,409. Patented June 13, 1893.

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B. AD'RIANOE 8: G. E. ARMSTRONG. MACHINE FOR TREATING PIBROUS MATERIAL.

No. 499,409. Patented June 13, 1893.

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B. ADRIANG-E & G. E. ARMSTRONG. MACHINE FOR TREATING FIBROUS MATERIAL.

No. 499,409. Patented June.13,-1893.

' ATTOHNE YJ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN ADRIANCE, OF BROOKLYN, AND GEORGE E. ARMSTRONG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE PROGRESSIVE PRODUCT COMPANY, OF NEW JERSEY.

MACHINE FOR TREATING FIBRO US MATERIAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 499,409, dated June 13, 1893.

Application filed November 19, 1892. Serial No.452,506. (N model.) 7

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, BENJAMIN ADRIANCE, residing atBrooklyn, in the county of Kings, and GEORGE E. ARMSTRONG, residing at New York, in the countyof New York, State of New York, citizens of the United States, have. inventedanewanduseful Machine for Treating Fibrous Material, of which the following 1s a specification. Our invention relates to machines for treat mg fibrous material and its object is to provide a machine that will free the fiber from extraneous matter quickly, and without injury to the fiber and one that maybe used in I 5 connection with resolving solutions.

To this end our invention consists of pairs of rollers having flutes thereon arranged and shaped as hereinafter described, said rollers being arranged in connection with a tank for holding a resolving solution and having certain motions hereinafter described, and of certain mechanical devices for operating the rollers. We attain these objects by the machine illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the various views.

Figure 1 is a side view of a machine embodying our invention; Fig. 1 a detailed view showing the flutes on the crushing rollers; Fig. 2, a plan view of said machine; Fig. 3,.

a rear View thereof. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are detail views showing double rack F F and gears I, 1 Fig. 4 a section on the line 4et of Fig. 5; Fig. 5 a section on line 5-5 of Fig. i, and

Fig. 6 a section on line 6--6 of Fig. 5. o

The three pairs of rollers A, A, A A A A are provided each with flutes, arranged angularly with reference totheir'axes as shown in Fig. 2; their outer edges enlarged and 40 rounded as shown in Fig. l. The angular arrangement of the flutes prevents the rollers from taking at any one time too large a bite of the material passing between them and thus clogging the machine; and consequently permits'the machine to be run at a high rate of speed. Moreover this angular position of the flutes on the rollers greatly increases the strength of the flutes. The enlarged rounded edges of the flutes prevent the intermeshing flutes of each pair of rollers from injuring the fiber, and produce a rubbing action between the flutes of each pair of rollers as they are revolved that very greatly aids in freeing the fiber from extraneous substances. This angular disposition and rounded form of the flutes are particular features of our invention. The flutes of each of the upper rollers A intermesh with the flutes of their respective lower rollers A A, &c., and the upper rollers depend for their motion upon the motions of the lower rollers. The lower rollers A, A, &c., derive their motions from the shaft G., of the first roller A and the following rollers A" and A are geared with shaft G by means of the intermediate pinions B so that the rollers A" and A' are driven by the shaft G in the same direction as the roller A. The upper rollers A are held down by springs S. The material is fed to the machine by the feed mechanism 0 through the feed rollers C and into the crushing rollers A A, A A, &c. In passing through these rollers the extraneous matter will be broken up and drop down below the rollers, allowing the fiber to pass out between the stripping rollers D, which revolve at a high rate of speed and deliver the fiber along the table E to the discharge rollers E But the crushing rollers do not revolve continually in the same direction but alternately forward and backward. This is done in such a way that for each two revolutions forward they make one in the opposite direction, making the advancement, one revolution each time. In other words, the time occupied by the three revolutions (two in direction of arrows, and one the opposite way), is divided equally, so that one third of the time is given to each revolution, the forward motion consuming twice the length of time of the backward motion and consequently the speed in onedirection is exactly the same as that in the other direction. To accomplish this a double rack F F is used, which engages two gearsI'l on roller shaft G; I being twice the diameter of I These gears I I revolve freely on shaft G and carry each three pawls i i which engage ratchet wheels j, 3' respectively which are solid on the shaft.

The pawls 2', i of the two gears I I respectively point in opposite directions, so that when one set is engaged the other is not. Below are two eccentric gears H and H. H runs at a uniform speed and drives H; H in turn communicates motion to double rack F F through crank pin and connecting rod F. The axes of H and H are arranged so that the crank pin will pass from the lower to the upper center in just half the time, that it takes to pass from the upper to the lower center, and, of course, the upward and downward motions of the double rack F F are made simultaneously with those of the crank pin. Thus when the double rack F F is carried up the pawls t' of the large gear I are engaged with their ratchet j on shaft G, and the three sets of rollers A A, A A and A A" are revolved in opposite direction to arrows, while the pawls i on the small gear I only engage their ratchetj on the downward stroke, and therefore simply slip around on their ratchetj The distance traveled by the double rack is such that large gear I will make one complete revolution. When the double rack F F starts downward the pawls 2' of the small gear I engage with their ratchet 3' on shaft G and the rollers A A, A A" and A A are revolved in the direction of arrows. But since the small gear I is half the size of large gear 1, it follows that rollers A A, &c., will make two revolutions on the down stroke. Again, since the down motion of the rack occupies twice the length of time consumed by theupward motion, itis evident, that the speed of rollers A A, &c., revolving in either direction is the same. It was said before that the pawls t of the small gear I slip around on the ratchet wheel 3' when the rack moves up. This can be done because said gear travels twice as fast as the ratchet wheel. Not so, however, with the pawls i of the large gear I, when the rack moves down. In that case, the ratchet wheel j moves twice as fast as the pawls t. It would, therefore, soon overtake the pawls 2' and cause a jam. Hence, it is necessary, to disengage said pawls i when the crank pin passes the upper center. To do this, a conical wedge L is arranged on the outer end of shaft G and is held inplace by the forked lever K, which is pivoted as shown. The horizontal arm passes through a slot in the frame and is connected by means of a rod K to a lever 7t below, which is operated by a cam Z on the shaft of cam wheel H. Now, at the proper time the cam l acts on the levers throwing the cone L toward the pawls. These are provided with horizontal arms as shown, and, as the cone moves along it lifts the arms and thereby disengages the pawls, These are held by the cone untilnear the end of the stroke, when the cone isthrown out by a springt' on horizontal arm of lever and the pawls are ready to engage as soon as the motion is reversed. This reverse motion imparted to the crushing rollers is Very effective in breaking up and allowing the extraneous matter to drop away from the fiber and is one of the principle features of our invention.

The several pairs of crushing rollers run at different rates of speed; that is A A runs a little faster than A A and A A alittle faster again than A A", causing a slighttensile strain on the plant when moving forward, and an opening action when moving the other way, which is very desirable to promote the separation of the fiber from the extraneous matter. This is another principal feature of our invention and is accomplished by .making the gear on A" one tooth and that on A two teeth smaller than that on A. The stripping rollers D are preferably made of wood or similar substance and are geared together by means of pinions d. The said stripping rollers by their rapid revolution tend to clear the fiber from rollers A A, c. The upper shaft carries two flanged pulleys, T and T; T for driving said shaftby a belt, passing around pulley U on main driving shaft N, and T to drive the feed rollers G. The second flanged pulley on shaft N drives the lower discharge roller E which squeezes the fiber. Rubber is a good material for covering these rollers E. On the other end of N is the main driving pulleyN. A pinion n on the same shaft drives a large gear men shaft below containing cam wheel H. That gear is made very heavy so that its momentum will overcome the tendency of H to rotate with varied velocity.

Referring to Fig. 1 the tank a will be seen to extend below the crushing rollers A and conforms with the shape offlanges P on castings which contain the bearings for said crushing rollers. This tank may be filled with a fluid to the height of the horizontal dotted line. Hence it will be seen that the material when between the crushing rollers, may be immersed entirely, or the machine may be used on dry material. p

This machine is designedwith heavy framing and light weight running parts, so that high speed may be attained the vibrating rollers. From three hundrcdto five hundred vibrations per minute is the design i'n running. This high speed can be attained because the shock upon the reverse motion of the machine is more than ever before eliminated by the devices we have described above. The motion of the rollers is practically continuous, a result which has never before been accomplished. i y

We are aware that crushing rollers having flutes spirally disposed thereon, and having flutes with enlarged or rounded edges have been constructed heretofore, but we are the first to combine these two devices and attain thereby a greater rubbing of the stalk with less injury to the fiber, as well as the other advantages set forth herein.

What we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is i 1. In an apparatus for preparing fibrous material, a plurality of pairs of crushing rollbeing rounded and those 011 each pair intermeshing with each other, with means whereby said pairs of rollers may be revolved alternately forward and backward and -so-as tocarry the fiber onwardand rub it, substan-,- tially as described.

3. In a machine for preparing fiber the combination of successive pairs of crushing rollers having flutes disposed thereon angularly with reference to the axesof their respective rollers; said flutes being rounded and those on each pair int'ermeshing with each other, with means whereby each succeeding pair may be revolved morerap'idly than the preceding pair and whereby all of said rollers may be revolved alternately forward and backward and so as to carry the fiber onward and rub it, substantially as described.

4. In a machine for preparing fibrous material the crushing rollers and, means for imparting an advancing reciprocating motion to the same which consists of a shaft bearing one of said rollers, suitable means for transmitting motion from said shaft-roller to the other rollers, two gear-Wheels upon said shaft each adapted to revolve'said shaft in one di rection only, opposite to each other and at difierent rates of speed, a reciprocating rack having a double gear operatively connected with-said gear-wheels, and means of recipro-' eating said rack, substantially as described.

5. ,In a machine for preparing fibrous inaterials, the crushing rollers and means for imparting an advancing uniform reciprocating.

motion to the same, which consists of a shaft bearingone of said rollers, suitable means for transmitting motion from said shaft-roller to 4 the other rollers, two gear-wheels upon said shaft, each adapted to revolve said shaft. in one direction only, opposite to each other and at different rates of speed, a reciprocating rack having a double gear operatively connected with said gear-wheels, and means of reciprocating said rack at difierent rates of speed as it moves in the one direction or the other,substantially as described.

6. In a machine for preparing fibrous material, the combination of crushing rollersA,'

A", A, A &c., and means of transmitting motion from one of said rollers to the others; with shaft G operatively connected with one of said rollers; opposite ratchet-wheelsjf, solid on said shaft; pawls 6,1? in operation with said ratchet-wheels; gears I, I bearing said pawls; double gear rack F, F in operation with said gears; eccentric gears H, Hin operation with each other, and with said double gear rack by means of connecting rod F with its crank pins; and means of disengaging said pawls '13, at intervals, substantially as described.

s In testimony whereof we affix our signatures, in presence of two witnesses, this 18th day of November, 1892. p

, BENJAMIN ADRIANCE,

1 GEORGEE. ARMSTRONG.

' Witnesses: N

H. VIN, PHILIP, CHAS. W. WESTON. 

